Squashed 'miscutils/' content from commit 0fec184f

git-subtree-dir: miscutils
git-subtree-split: 0fec184f

.gitignore

+*.log
+*.jou
+.Xil
+/target/
+/project/
+/test/
+/ip/

build.sbt

+scalaVersion := "2.11.7"
+
+libraryDependencies += "edu.berkeley.cs" %% "chisel" % "latest.release"
+
+libraryDependencies += "com.novocode" % "junit-interface" % "0.11" % "test"
+
+libraryDependencies += "org.scalatest" %% "scalatest" % "2.2.6" % "test"
+
+libraryDependencies += "com.typesafe.play" %% "play-json" % "2.5.4"
+
+parallelExecution in Test := false
+
+testForkedParallel in Test := false
+

src/main/scala/DataWidthConverter.scala

+package chisel.miscutils
+import Chisel._
+
+/**
+ * DataWidthConverter converts the data width of a Queue.
+ * Output is provided via a Queue, with increased or decreased
+ * data rate, depending on the direction of the conversion.
+ * Note: This would be much more useful, if the two Queues
+ *       could use different clocks, but multi-clock support
+ *       in Chisel is currently unstable.
+ * @param inWidth Data width of input Decoupled (bits).
+ * @param outWidth Data width of output Decoupled (bits); must
+ *                 be integer multiples of each other.
+ * @param littleEndian if inWidth > outWidth, determines
+ *                     the order of the nibbles (low to high)
+ **/
+class DataWidthConverter(
+    val inWidth: Int,
+    val outWidth: Int,
+    val littleEndian: Boolean = true
+  ) extends Module {
+
+  require (inWidth > 0, "inWidth must be > 0")
+  require (outWidth > 0, "inWidth must be > 0")
+  require (inWidth != outWidth, "inWidth (%d) must be different from outWidth (%d)"
+             .format(inWidth, outWidth))
+  require (inWidth % outWidth == 0 || outWidth % inWidth == 0,
+           "inWidth (%d) and outWidth (%d) must be integer multiples of each other"
+             .format(inWidth, outWidth))
+
+  val io = new Bundle {
+    val inq = Decoupled(UInt(width = inWidth)).flip()
+    val deq = Decoupled(UInt(width = outWidth))
+  }
+
+  val ratio: Int = if (inWidth > outWidth) inWidth / outWidth else outWidth / inWidth
+  val d_w = if (inWidth > outWidth) inWidth else outWidth // data register width
+
+  if (inWidth > outWidth)
+    downsize()
+  else
+    upsize()
+
+  private def upsize() = {
+    val i = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(ratio + 1)))
+    val d = Reg(UInt(width = outWidth))
+
+    io.inq.ready := !reset && (i =/= UInt(0) || (io.inq.valid && io.deq.ready))
+    io.deq.bits  := d
+    io.deq.valid := !reset && i === UInt(0)
+
+    when (reset) {
+      i := UInt(ratio)
+      d := UInt(0)
+    }
+    .otherwise {
+      when (io.inq.ready && io.inq.valid) {
+        if (littleEndian)
+          d := Cat(io.inq.bits, d) >> UInt(inWidth)
+        else
+          d := (d << UInt(inWidth)) | io.inq.bits
+        i := i - UInt(1)
+      }
+      when (io.deq.valid && io.deq.ready) {
+        i := Mux(io.inq.valid, UInt(ratio - 1), UInt(ratio))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def downsize() = {
+    val i = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(ratio + 1)))
+    val d = Reg(UInt(width = inWidth))
+
+    io.inq.ready := !reset && (i === UInt(0) || (i === UInt(1) && io.deq.ready))
+    if (littleEndian)
+      io.deq.bits := d(outWidth - 1, 0)
+    else
+      io.deq.bits := d(inWidth - 1, inWidth - outWidth)
+    io.deq.valid := !reset && i > UInt(0)
+
+    when (reset) {
+      i := UInt(0)
+      d := UInt(0)
+    }
+    .otherwise {
+      when (i > UInt(0) && io.deq.ready) {
+        if (littleEndian)
+          d := d >> UInt(outWidth)
+        else
+          d := d << UInt(outWidth)
+        i := i - UInt(1)
+      }
+      when (io.inq.ready && io.inq.valid) {
+        d := io.inq.bits
+        i := UInt(ratio)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+

src/main/scala/DecoupledDataSource.scala

+package chisel.miscutils
+import Chisel._
+
+/**
+ * Interface for DecoupledDataSource.
+ **/
+class DecoupledDataSourceIO[T <: Data](gen: T) extends Bundle {
+  val out = Decoupled(gen.cloneType)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data source providing fixed data via Decoupled interface.
+ * Provides the data given via Decoupled handshakes; if repeat
+ * is true, data is wrapped around.
+ * @param gen Type.
+ * @param size Total number of elements.
+ * @param data Function providing data for each index
+ * @param repeat If true, will always have data via wrap-around,
+                 otherwise valid will go low after data was
+		 consumed.
+ **/
+class DecoupledDataSource[T <: Data](gen: T, val size : Int, data: (Int) => T, val repeat: Boolean = true) extends Module {
+
+  println ("DecoupledDataSource: size = %d, repeat = %s".format(size, if (repeat) "true" else "false"))
+  println("  width = %d".format(log2Up(if (repeat) size else size + 1)))
+
+
+  val ds  = for (i <- 0 until size) yield data(i) // evaluate data to array
+  val io  = new DecoupledDataSourceIO(gen) // interface
+  val i   = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(if (repeat) size else size + 1))) // index
+  val rom = Vec.tabulate(size)(n => ds(n)) // ROM with data
+  io.out.bits  := rom(i) // current index data
+  io.out.valid := !reset && i < UInt(size) // valid until exceeded
+  when (reset) {
+    i := UInt(0)
+  }
+  .otherwise {
+    if (repeat)
+      when (io.out.ready && io.out.valid) { i := i + UInt(1) }
+    else
+      when (io.out.ready && io.out.valid && i < UInt(size)) { i := i + UInt(1) }
+  }
+}

src/main/scala/SignalGenerator.scala

+package chisel.miscutils
+import Chisel._
+
+sealed case class Signal(value: Boolean, periods: Int = 1) extends Ordered[Signal] {
+  import scala.math.Ordered.orderingToOrdered
+  def compare(that: Signal): Int = periods compare that.periods
+}
+
+object SignalGenerator {
+  type Waveform = List[Signal]
+  implicit def makeSignal(sd: (Boolean, Int)): Signal = Signal(sd._1, sd._2)
+  implicit def makeWaveform(ls: List[(Boolean, Int)]): Waveform = ls map makeSignal
+}
+
+class SignalGenerator(signals: SignalGenerator.Waveform, useInputAsClock: Boolean = false) extends Module {
+  require (signals.length > 0, "Waveform must not be empty.")
+  require (signals map (_.periods > 1) reduce (_&&_),
+      "All signals must have at least two clock cycles length.")
+  val io = new Bundle { val v = Bool(OUTPUT); val in = Bool(INPUT) }
+  val cnts_rom = Vec(signals map (n => UInt(n.periods - 1)))
+  val vals_rom = Vec(signals map (n => Bool(n.value)))
+  val cnt      = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(signals.max.periods)))
+  val curr_idx = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(signals.length)))
+  val vreg     = Reg(Bool())
+
+  io.v := vreg
+
+  when (reset) {
+    curr_idx := UInt(0)
+    cnt      := cnts_rom(0)
+    vreg     := UInt(0)
+  }
+  .otherwise {
+    vreg := vals_rom(curr_idx)
+    // trigger on either clock or pos input edge
+    when (if (useInputAsClock) io.in && !RegNext(io.in) else Bool(true)) {
+      when (cnt === UInt(0)) {
+        val next_idx = Mux(curr_idx < UInt(signals.length - 1), curr_idx + UInt(1), UInt(0))
+        curr_idx    := next_idx
+        cnt         := cnts_rom(next_idx)
+      }
+      .otherwise {
+        cnt := cnt - UInt(1)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

src/test/scala/DataWidthConverterSuiteCorrectness.scala

+package chisel.miscutils
+import Chisel._
+import org.scalatest.junit.JUnitSuite
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.Assert._
+import scala.math._
+import java.nio.file.Paths
+
+class SlowQueue(width: Int, val delay: Int = 10) extends Module {
+  val io = new Bundle {
+    val enq = Decoupled(UInt(width = width)).flip
+    val deq = Decoupled(UInt(width = width))
+    val dly = UInt(INPUT, width = log2Up(delay))
+  }
+
+  val waiting :: ready :: Nil = Enum(UInt(), 2)
+  val state = Reg(init = ready)
+
+  val wr = Reg(UInt(width = log2Up(delay)))
+
+  io.deq.bits  := io.enq.bits
+  io.enq.ready := io.deq.ready && state === ready
+  io.deq.valid := io.enq.valid && state === ready
+
+  when (reset) {
+    state := ready
+  }
+  .otherwise {
+    when (state === ready && io.enq.ready && io.deq.valid) {
+      state := waiting
+      wr    := io.dly
+    }
+    when (state === waiting) {
+      wr := wr - UInt(1)
+      when (wr === UInt(0)) { state := ready }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * DataWidthConverterHarness: Correctness test harness.
+ * A DecoupledDataSource with random data is connected to a pair
+ * of data width converters with inverted params. This circuit
+ * must behave exactly like a delay on the input stream (where
+ * the length of the delay is 2 * in/out-width-ratio).
+ * There's a slow queue in-between to simulate receivers with
+ * varying speed of consumption.
+ **/
+class DataWidthConverterHarness(inWidth: Int, outWidth: Int, littleEndian: Boolean, delay: Int = 10) extends Module {
+  val io = new Bundle { val dly = UInt(INPUT, width = log2Up(delay)) }
+  val dwc  = Module(new DataWidthConverter(inWidth, outWidth, littleEndian))
+  val dsrc = Module(new DecoupledDataSource(UInt(width = inWidth),
+                                            Seq(Seq(pow(2, inWidth).toLong, dwc.ratio).max, 10000.toLong).min.toInt,
+                                            //n => UInt(n % pow(2, inWidth).toInt + 1, width = inWidth),
+                                            n => UInt((scala.math.random * pow(2, inWidth)).toLong, width = inWidth),
+                                            repeat = false))
+  val dwc2 = Module(new DataWidthConverter(outWidth, inWidth, littleEndian))
+  val slq  = Module(new SlowQueue(outWidth, delay))
+
+  dwc.io.inq       <> dsrc.io.out
+  slq.io.enq       <> dwc.io.deq
+  slq.io.dly       := io.dly
+  dwc2.io.inq      <> slq.io.deq
+  dwc2.io.deq.ready := Bool(true)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generic tester for DataWidthConverterHarness:
+ * Uses DataWidthConverterHarness class to check output correctness.
+ * Tracks incoming data from the data source in expecteds list.
+ * Whenever output is valid, it is compared to the expecteds,
+ * mismatches are reported accordingly.
+ * Does NOT check timing, only correctness of the output values.
+ **/
+class DataWidthConverterCorrectnessTester[T <: UInt](m: DataWidthConverterHarness) extends Tester(m, false) {
+  import scala.util.Properties.{lineSeparator => NL}
+
+  // returns binary string for Int, e.g., 0011 for 3, width 4
+  private def toBinaryString(n: BigInt, width: Int) =
+    "%%%ds".format(width).format(n.toString(2)).replace(' ', '0')
+
+  /** Performs data correctness check. **/
+  def check() = {
+    var i = 0
+    var delay = m.slq.delay - 1
+    poke (m.slq.io.dly, delay)
+    var expecteds: List[BigInt] = List()
+    def running = peek(m.dsrc.io.out.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc.io.inq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc.io.deq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc2.io.inq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.valid) > 0
+    while (running) {
+      // scan output element and add to end of expected list
+      if (peek(m.dsrc.io.out.valid) > 0 && peek(m.dwc.io.inq.ready) > 0) {
+        val e = peek(m.dsrc.io.out.bits)
+        expecteds = expecteds :+ e
+        println ("adding expected value: %d (%s)".format(e, toBinaryString(e, m.dwc.inWidth)))
+      }
+
+      // check output element: must match head of expecteds
+      if (peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.valid) > 0 && peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.ready) > 0) {
+        // update delay (decreasing with each output)
+        delay = if (delay == 0) m.slq.delay - 1 else delay - 1
+        poke(m.io.dly, delay)
+        // check output
+        val v = peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.bits)
+        if (expecteds.isEmpty) {
+          val errmsg = "received value output value %d (%s), but none expected yet".format(
+            v, toBinaryString(v, m.dwc.inWidth))
+          println (errmsg)
+          expect(false, errmsg)
+        } else {
+          if (v == expecteds.head) {
+            println ("element #%d ok!".format(i))
+          } else  {
+            val errmsg = "element #%d wrong: expected %d (%s), found %d (%s)".format(
+                i, expecteds.head, toBinaryString(expecteds.head, m.dwc.inWidth),
+                v, toBinaryString(v, m.dwc.inWidth))
+            println (errmsg)
+            expect(v == expecteds.head, errmsg)
+          }
+          expecteds = expecteds.tail
+        }
+        i += 1
+      }
+
+      // advance sim
+      step (1)
+    }
+  }
+
+  reset(10) // reset for 10 cycles
+  check()
+  step (20) // settle output
+}
+
+/** Unit test for DataWidthConverter hardware. **/
+class DataWidthConverterSuite extends JUnitSuite {
+  def resize(inWidth: Int, outWidth: Int, littleEndian: Boolean = true) = {
+    println("testing conversion of %d bit to %d bit, %s ..."
+        .format(inWidth, outWidth, if (littleEndian) "little-endian" else "big-endian"))
+    val dir = Paths.get("test")
+                   .resolve("DataWidthConverterSuite")
+                   .resolve("%dto%d%s".format(inWidth, outWidth, if (littleEndian) "le" else "be"))
+                   .toString
+    chiselMainTest(Array("--genHarness", "--backend", "c", "--vcd", "--targetDir", dir, "--compile", "--test"),
+        () => Module(new DataWidthConverterHarness(inWidth, outWidth, littleEndian)))
+      { m => new DataWidthConverterCorrectnessTester(m) }
+  }
+
+  // simple test group, can be used for waveform analysis
+  /*@Test def check16to4le  { resize(16,  4, true) }
+  @Test def check4to16le  { resize(4,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check16to4be  { resize(16,  4, false) }
+  @Test def check4to16be  { resize(4,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check64to32be  { resize(64,  32, false) }*/
+
+  // downsizing tests
+  @Test def check2to1le   { resize(2,   1, true) }
+  @Test def check2to1be   { resize(2,   1, false) }
+  @Test def check8to1le   { resize(8,   1, true) }
+  @Test def check8to1be   { resize(8,   1, false) }
+  @Test def check16to4le  { resize(16,  4, true) }
+  @Test def check16to4be  { resize(16,  4, false) }
+  @Test def check16to8le  { resize(16,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check16to8be  { resize(16,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check32to8le  { resize(32,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check32to8be  { resize(32,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check64ot8le  { resize(64,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check64to8be  { resize(64,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check64ot32le { resize(64, 32, true) }
+  @Test def check64to32be { resize(64, 32, false) }
+
+  // upsizing tests
+  @Test def check1to2le   { resize(1,   2, true) }
+  @Test def check1to2be   { resize(1,   2, false) }
+  @Test def check1to8le   { resize(1,   8, true) }
+  @Test def check1to8be   { resize(1,   8, false) }
+  @Test def check4to16le  { resize(4,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check4to16be  { resize(4,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check8to16le  { resize(8,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check8to16be  { resize(8,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check8to32le  { resize(8,  32, true) }
+  @Test def check8to32be  { resize(8,  32, false) }
+  @Test def check8ot64le  { resize(8,  64, true) }
+  @Test def check8to64be  { resize(8,  64, false) }
+  @Test def check32ot64le { resize(32, 64, true) }
+  @Test def check32to64be { resize(32, 64, false) }
+}

src/test/scala/DataWidthConverterSuiteFullSpeed.scala

+package chisel.miscutils
+import Chisel._
+import org.scalatest.junit.JUnitSuite
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.Assert._
+import scala.math._
+import java.nio.file.Paths
+
+/**
+ * DataWidthConverterHarness: Correctness test harness.
+ * A DecoupledDataSource with random data is connected to a pair
+ * of data width converters with inverted params. This circuit
+ * must behave exactly like a delay on the input stream (where
+ * the length of the delay is 2 * in/out-width-ratio).
+ **/
+class DataWidthConverterHarnessFullSpeed(val inWidth: Int, val outWidth: Int, val littleEndian: Boolean) extends Module {
+  val io = new Bundle
+  val dwc  = Module(new DataWidthConverter(inWidth, outWidth, littleEndian))
+  val dsrc = Module(new DecoupledDataSource(UInt(width = inWidth),
+                                            Seq(Seq(pow(2, inWidth).toLong, dwc.ratio).max, 10000.toLong).min.toInt,
+                                            //n => UInt(n % pow(2, inWidth).toInt + 1, width = inWidth),
+                                            n => UInt((scala.math.random * pow(2, inWidth)).toLong, width = inWidth),
+                                            repeat = false))
+  val dwc2 = Module(new DataWidthConverter(outWidth, inWidth, littleEndian))
+  dwc.io.inq       <> dsrc.io.out
+  dwc2.io.inq      <> dwc.io.deq
+  dwc2.io.deq.ready := !reset
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generic tester for DataWidthConverterHarness:
+ * Uses DataWidthConverterHarness class to check output correctness.
+ * Tracks incoming data from the data source in expecteds list.
+ * Whenever output is valid, it is compared to the expecteds,
+ * mismatches are reported accordingly.
+ * Does NOT check timing, only correctness of the output values.
+ **/
+class DataWidthConverterFullSpeed[T <: UInt](m: DataWidthConverterHarnessFullSpeed) extends Tester(m, false) {
+  import scala.util.Properties.{lineSeparator => NL}
+
+  // returns binary string for Int, e.g., 0011 for 3, width 4
+  private def toBinaryString(n: BigInt, width: Int) =
+    "%%%ds".format(width).format(n.toString(2)).replace(' ', '0')
+
+  /** Performs data correctness at full speed check. **/
+  def check() = {
+    var i = 0
+    var firstOutputReceived = false
+    var expecteds: List[BigInt] = List()
+    def running = peek(m.dsrc.io.out.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc.io.inq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc.io.deq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc2.io.inq.valid) > 0 ||
+                  peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.valid) > 0
+    while (running) {
+      // scan output element and add to end of expected list
+      if (peek(m.dsrc.io.out.valid) > 0 && peek(m.dwc.io.inq.ready) > 0) {
+        val e = peek(m.dsrc.io.out.bits)
+        expecteds = expecteds :+ e
+        println ("adding expected value: %d (%s)".format(e, toBinaryString(e, m.dwc.inWidth)))
+      }
+
+      // check output element: must match head of expecteds
+      if (peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.valid) > 0 && peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.ready) > 0) {
+        firstOutputReceived = true
+        val v = peek(m.dwc2.io.deq.bits)
+        if (expecteds.isEmpty) {
+          val errmsg = "received value output value %d (%s), but none expected yet".format(
+            v, toBinaryString(v, m.dwc.inWidth))
+          println (errmsg)
+          expect(false, errmsg)
+        } else {
+          if (v == expecteds.head) {
+            println ("element #%d ok!".format(i))
+          } else  {
+            val errmsg = "element #%d wrong: expected %d (%s), found %d (%s)".format(
+                i, expecteds.head, toBinaryString(expecteds.head, m.dwc.inWidth),
+                v, toBinaryString(v, m.dwc.inWidth))
+            println (errmsg)
+            expect(v == expecteds.head, errmsg)
+          }
+          expecteds = expecteds.tail
+        }
+        i += 1
+      }
+
+      // check: if upsizing, inq may never block
+      if (m.inWidth < m.outWidth) {
+        val error = peek(m.dwc.io.inq.ready) == 0 && peek(m.dwc.io.inq.valid) != 0
+        if (error)
+          println("ERROR: input queue may never block while input is available")
+        expect(!error, "upsizing: input queue may not block while input is available")
+      }
+
+      // check: if downsizing, deq must remain valid until end
+      if (firstOutputReceived && !expecteds.isEmpty && m.inWidth > m.outWidth) {
+        if (peek(m.dwc.io.deq.valid) == 0)
+          println("ERROR: output queue must remain valid after first element")
+        if (peek(m.dwc.io.deq.ready) == 0)
+          println("ERROR: output queue must remain ready after first element")
+        expect(peek(m.dwc.io.deq.ready) != 0, "downsizing: output queue must remain ready after first")
+        expect(peek(m.dwc.io.deq.valid) != 0, "downsizing: output queue must remain valid after first")
+      }
+
+      // advance sim
+      step (1)
+    }
+  }
+
+  reset(10) // reset for 10 cycles
+  check()
+  step (20) // settle output
+}
+
+
+/** Unit test for DataWidthConverter hardware. **/
+class DataWidthConverterSuiteFullSpeed extends JUnitSuite {
+  def resize(inWidth: Int, outWidth: Int, littleEndian: Boolean = true) = {
+    println("testing conversion of %d bit to %d bit, %s ..."
+        .format(inWidth, outWidth, if (littleEndian) "little-endian" else "big-endian"))
+    val dir = Paths.get("test")
+                   .resolve("dwc_fullspeed")
+                   .resolve("%dto%d%s".format(inWidth, outWidth, if (littleEndian) "le" else "be"))
+                   .toString
+    chiselMainTest(Array("--genHarness", "--backend", "c", "--vcd", "--targetDir", dir, "--compile", "--test"),
+        () => Module(new DataWidthConverterHarnessFullSpeed(inWidth, outWidth, littleEndian)))
+      { m => new DataWidthConverterFullSpeed(m) }
+  }
+
+  // simple test group, can be used for waveform analysis
+  /*@Test def check16to4le  { resize(16,  4, true) }
+  @Test def check4to16le  { resize(4,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check16to4be  { resize(16,  4, false) }
+  @Test def check4to16be  { resize(4,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check64to32be  { resize(64,  32, false) }
+  @Test def check32to64be  { resize(32,  64, false) }*/
+
+  // downsizing tests
+  @Test def check2to1le   { resize(2,   1, true) }
+  @Test def check2to1be   { resize(2,   1, false) }
+  @Test def check8to1le   { resize(8,   1, true) }
+  @Test def check8to1be   { resize(8,   1, false) }
+  @Test def check16to4le  { resize(16,  4, true) }
+  @Test def check16to4be  { resize(16,  4, false) }
+  @Test def check16to8le  { resize(16,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check16to8be  { resize(16,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check32to8le  { resize(32,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check32to8be  { resize(32,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check64ot8le  { resize(64,  8, true) }
+  @Test def check64to8be  { resize(64,  8, false) }
+  @Test def check64ot32le { resize(64, 32, true) }
+  @Test def check64to32be { resize(64, 32, false) }
+
+  // upsizing tests
+  @Test def check1to2le   { resize(1,   2, true) }
+  @Test def check1to2be   { resize(1,   2, false) }
+  @Test def check1to8le   { resize(1,   8, true) }
+  @Test def check1to8be   { resize(1,   8, false) }
+  @Test def check4to16le  { resize(4,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check4to16be  { resize(4,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check8to16le  { resize(8,  16, true) }
+  @Test def check8to16be  { resize(8,  16, false) }
+  @Test def check8to32le  { resize(8,  32, true) }
+  @Test def check8to32be  { resize(8,  32, false<